University of Cambridge Logo — The University of Cambridge is the second university in English-speaking oldest after Oxford . According to history , the University of Cambridge in England , was founded in 1209 by scholars who fled from Oxford , after a scuffle with officers of the city. King Henry III of England granted the monopoly of education in that place in 1231 . Together with the University of Oxford , the University of Cambridge as a large number of the leading scientists , writers and politicians of Great Britain . Both institutions are collectively known by the name of Oxbridge and are members of the Russell Group .

The thirty-one colleges that make up the university are separate and independent institutions of the university, enjoying a large degree of autonomy. The college oldest is Peterhouse , founded in 1284 by Hugh Balsham, Bishop of Ely . The second college was older King’s Hall, founded in 1317 , but no longer exists as an independent institution. Many colleges were founded in the centuries XIV and XV . Below is a list of all colleges that currently make up the university. However, some of them as Michaelhouse (which joined King’s Hall to make Trinity , by order of King Henry VII ) and Gonville Hall no longer exist.

In those early years, the colleges were founded for students to pray for the souls of the founders and that is why these institutions were often associated with chapels or abbeys. Along with the dissolution of the monasteries , ordered in 1536 , the King Henry VIII ordered the dissolution of the Faculty of Canon Law and the cessation of classes of “scholastic philosophy.” So instead of sticking to canon law, the curriculum of the colleges were directed to the classic Latin and Greek , the Bible and mathematics.

The first colleges for women were Girton College , founded in 1869 and Newnham College , founded in 1872 . The first students took their exams in 1882 , but women did not achieve full membership of the college until 1947 , 20 years after Oxford . Of the 31 colleges that make up the University of Cambridge today, three are for women only ( Lucy Cavendish , New Hall and Newnham ) and four are for graduate students ( Clare Hall , Darwin , Wolfson and St Edmunds ). The last all-male college was Magdalen, who became a mixed college in the late 1980’s.

There are some recreational activities associated with Cambridge. The paddle is a popular sport and there are competitions between colleges and against Oxford . There are also competitions in other sports such as cricket and rugby . Among the clubs theater , the famous Footlights .

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