Stanford University Logo — The Leland Stanford Junior University ( Leland Stanford Junior University in English ), known as Stanford University , located in Palo Alto ( California ), is a private university, considered one of the most prestigious in the United States and the world. It is located about 56 km southeast of San Francisco , on the grounds of Santa Clara County adjacent to the city of Palo Alto . The university is therefore in the geographical and historical heart of Silicon Valley .

Stanford was founded by tycoon rail and California Governor Leland Stanford and his wife, Jane Stanford . It was named after her only child, Leland Stanford Jr. , who died of typhoid fever in his teens. Locally known as La Granja ( The Farm ), because the university is located in what was the horse-breeding farm of Leland Stanford. The university opened its doors officially on October 1 of 1891 , a total of 559 students and 15 teachers, seven of which came from Cornell University . Originally it was not charged for instruction, and although the teaching was mixed, the number of women enrolled was limited for several years.

The official motto of the university, selected by the Stanford during the formation of the institution, ” Die Luft der Freiheit Weht “, whose translation of the German is “the wind of freedom”. The phrase comes from the reformer Ulrich von Hutten , and was elected in a time when the German had recently replaced Latin as the language dominant in the humanities and philosophy, a position he would retain until the Second World War .

Stanford was not until the 1930’s a relatively small university and unimportant. Between 1929 and 1933, Herbert Hoover , a graduate of the University, chaired the U.S. in a period marked by economic crisis. In 1939, William Hansen and brothers Russell and Sigurd Varian invented the tube Klystron , a generator of microwave high frequency was based radars World War II. Since then, Stanford has been increasing its international reputation, first through military research projects and then to the entrepreneurial spirit of its faculty and students. Stanford has been the cradle of scientific and technical enterprises as important as Hewlett-Packard , Cisco Systems , VMware , Yahoo! , Google , and Sun Microsystems . In fact, “Sun” was originally short for “Stanford University Network.”

Throughout its history Stanford has twenty-seven winners of the Nobel Prize among its teachers, in areas such as Economics ( Kenneth J. Arrow , Gary Becker , Milton Friedman , Douglass North , Myron Scholes , William Sharpe , Michael Spence , Joseph E. Stiglitz ), Physics ( Felix Bloch , Steven Chu , Robert Hofstadter , Robert B. Laughlin , Douglas Osheroff , Martin Perl , Burton Richter , Arthur L. Schawlow , Richard E. Taylor ), Chemistry ( Paul Berg , Roger Kornberg ) or Medicine ( Andrew Fire , Arthur Kornberg ). Although the work that led them to win the Nobel did not develop in many cases at this university, Stanford has attracted the talent of these Prizes. Stanford is among the top 10 universities in the U.S.. States. in the fields of electrical engineering , computer engineering , economics and business studies and law .

Stanford maintains a healthy and friendly rivalry with the neighboring University of California, Berkeley . This rivalry reached its peak every year with the “Big Game” or party of football between teams from the two universities. Currently the university is the largest private owner of land in the Bay of San Francisco , thanks to the legacy of Stanford. Its grounds are so large they are housing a linear accelerator , a business park with the world headquarters of Hewlett-Packard , and a major medical center.

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